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bob>Juelos at 17:27, 6 October 2025

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local labels = {}
local raw_categories = {}
local handlers = {}

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- --
-- LABELS --
-- --
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

labels["terms by grammatical category"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} terms categorized by their grammatical category.",
umbrella_parents = "Fundamental",
parents = {{name = "{{{langcat}}}", raw = true}},
}

------- GENDER -------

for _, pos in ipairs { "nouns", "pronouns", "proper nouns", "suffixes" } do
labels[pos .. " by gender"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " organized by the gender they belong to.",
breadcrumb = "by gender",
parents = {{name = pos, sort = "gender"}},
}

labels[pos .. " with irregular gender"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " whose ending is not typical for " .. pos .. " of their gender.",
breadcrumb = "with irregular gender",
parents = {{name = "irregular " .. pos, sort = "irregular gender"}},
}

labels[pos .. " with multiple genders"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " that belong to more than one gender.",
breadcrumb = "with multiple genders",
parents = {{name = pos .. " by gender", sort = "multiple genders"}},
}

labels["common-gender " .. pos] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " of [[Appendix:Glossary#common gender|common gender]], i.e. belonging to a gender category that combines the function of [[Appendix:Glossary#masculine|masculine]] and [[Appendix:Glossary#feminine|feminine]] and is opposed to the [[Appendix:Glossary#neuter|neuter]] gender.",
breadcrumb = "common-gender",
parents = {pos .. " by gender"},
}

labels["feminine " .. pos] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " of [[Appendix:Glossary#feminine|feminine]] gender, i.e. belonging to a gender category that contains (among other things) female beings.",
breadcrumb = "feminine",
parents = {pos .. " by gender"},
}

labels["masculine " .. pos] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " of [[Appendix:Glossary#masculine|masculine]] gender, i.e. belonging to a gender category that contains (among other things) male beings.",
breadcrumb = "masculine",
parents = {pos .. " by gender"},
}

labels["masculine and feminine " .. pos .. " by sense"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " that may be either [[Appendix:Glossary#masculine|masculine]] or [[Appendix:Glossary#feminine|feminine]] depending on whether they refer to male or female beings.",
breadcrumb = "masculine and feminine by sense",
parents = {pos .. " by gender"},
}

labels["neuter " .. pos] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " of [[Appendix:Glossary#neuter|neuter]] gender, i.e. belonging to a gender category that does not usually contain male or female beings.",
breadcrumb = "neuter",
parents = {pos .. " by gender"},
}
end

------- CLASSES -------

for _, pos in ipairs { "nouns", "pronouns", "proper nouns", "suffixes", "adjectives", "verbs", "numerals" } do
labels[pos .. " by class"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " organized by the class they belong to.",
breadcrumb = "by class",
parents = {{name = pos, sort = "class"}},
}

labels[pos .. " with irregular class"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " whose ending is not typical for " .. pos .. " of their class.",
breadcrumb = "with irregular class",
parents = {{name = "irregular " .. pos, sort = "irregular class"}},
}

labels[pos .. " with multiple classes"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " that belong to more than one class.",
breadcrumb = "with multiple classes",
parents = {{name = pos .. " by class", sort = "multiple classes"}},
}

end

------- ANIMACY -------

for _, pos in ipairs({"nouns", "pronouns", "proper nouns", "suffixes", "verbs"}) do
labels["animate " .. pos] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " that refer to humans or animals.",
breadcrumb = "animate",
parents = {pos},
}

labels["inanimate " .. pos] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " that refer to inanimate objects (not humans or animals).",
breadcrumb = "inanimate",
parents = {pos},
}

labels[pos .. " with multiple animacies"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " that belong to more than one animacy.",
breadcrumb = "with multiple animacies",
parents = {{name = pos, sort = "multiple animacies"}},
}
end

for _, pos in ipairs({"nouns", "suffixes"}) do
-- This category should be used particularly in languages that have
-- grammatical distinctions related to animals, such as Ukrainian.
labels["animal " .. pos] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " that refer to animals.",
breadcrumb = "animal",
parents = {"animate " .. pos},
}

-- This category should be used particularly in languages that have
-- grammatical distinctions related to men, such as Polish.
labels["nonvirile " .. pos] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} plural " .. pos .. " that refer to a group without male humans.",
breadcrumb = "nonvirile",
parents = {pos, "pluralia tantum"},
}

labels["personal " .. pos] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " that refer to humans.",
breadcrumb = "personal",
parents = {"animate " .. pos},
}

-- This category should be used particularly in languages that have
-- grammatical distinctions related to men, such as Polish.
labels["virile " .. pos] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} plural " .. pos .. " that refer to a group with at least one male human.",
breadcrumb = "virile",
parents = {pos, "pluralia tantum"},
}
end

------- INFLECTED PARTS OF SPEECH -------

-- Add "POS by inflection type", "irregular POS" and "POS by tone"
-- categories for (potentially) inflected parts of speech.

local inflected_poses = {
"adjectives",
"adverbs",
"determiners",
"nouns",
"numerals",
"participles",
"pronouns",
"proper nouns",
"suffixes",
"verbs",
}

for _, pos in ipairs(inflected_poses) do
labels[pos .. " by inflection type"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " organized by the type of inflection they follow.",
breadcrumb = "by inflection type",
parents = {{name = pos, sort = "inflection"}},
}

labels["irregular " .. pos] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " that follow non-standard patterns of inflection.",
breadcrumb = "irregular",
parents = {pos .. " by inflection type"},
}

labels["defective " .. pos] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " that lack one or more forms in their inflections.",
breadcrumb = "defective",
parents = {pos, "irregular " .. pos},
}

labels["suppletive " .. pos] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " that have inflected forms from different roots.",
breadcrumb = "suppletive",
parents = {"irregular " .. pos},
}

if pos ~= "verbs" and pos ~= "adverbs" then
labels["indeclinable " .. pos] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " that do not display additional grammatical relations by means of declension.",
breadcrumb = "indeclinable",
parents = {pos .. " by inflection type"},
}

labels[pos .. " with multiple declensions"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " that follow more than one type of inflection.",
breadcrumb = "with multiple declensions",
parents = {{name = pos .. " by inflection type", sort = "multiple declensions"}},
}

labels[pos .. " with multiple plurals"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " that have more than one possible plural (sometimes with distinct meanings).",
breadcrumb = "with multiple plurals",
parents = {{name = pos .. " by inflection type", sort = "multiple plurals"}},
}
end

labels[pos .. " by tone"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " organized by the tone they follow.",
breadcrumb = "by tone",
parents = {{name = pos .. " by inflection type", sort = "tone"}},
}

labels[pos .. " by vowel harmony"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " organized by the vowel harmony they follow.",
breadcrumb = "by vowel harmony",
parents = {{name = pos .. " by inflection type", sort = "vowel harmony"}},
}
end

-- FIXME: Only used currently for Arabic; probably should be removed as a general category.
labels["irregular elative adjectives"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} elative adjectives that follow non-standard patterns of inflection.",
parents = {"adjectives by inflection type"},
}

for _, pos in ipairs { "nouns", "proper nouns", "pronouns" } do
labels[pos .. " with unattested plurals"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " with unattested plurals.",
breadcrumb = "with unattested plurals",
parents = {{name = pos, sort = "unattested plurals"}},
}
labels["definite " .. pos] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " that are inherently definite and have definite concord.",
breadcrumb = "definite",
parents = {pos .. " by inflection type"},
}
end

------- GERMANIC VERB CLASSES -------

-- FIXME: Not clear this belongs among the general categories.

labels["strong verbs"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} verbs that present different stem vowels in their typically regular conjugated forms.",
breadcrumb = "strong",
parents = {"verbs by inflection type"},
}

labels["weak verbs"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} verbs that display dental suffixes in their past tense conjugated forms.",
breadcrumb = "weak",
parents = {"verbs by inflection type"},
}

labels["preterite-present verbs"] = {
description = "{{{langname}}} verbs that inflect in the present tense like the past tense of strong verbs.",
breadcrumb = "preterite-present",
parents = {"verbs by inflection type"},
}

labels["class 1 strong verbs"] = {
description = "Verbs where the [[Wiktionary:ablaut|ablaut]] vowel was followed by ''-y-'' in Proto-Indo-European.",
breadcrumb = "class 1",
parents = {{name = "strong verbs", sort = "1"}},
}

labels["class 1 weak verbs"] = {
description = "Weak verbs of the first class.",
breadcrumb = "class 1",
parents = {{name = "weak verbs", sort = "1"}},
}

labels["class 2 strong verbs"] = {
description = "Verbs where the [[Wiktionary:ablaut|ablaut]] vowel was followed by ''-w-'' in Proto-Indo-European.",
breadcrumb = "class 2",
parents = {{name = "strong verbs", sort = "2"}},
}

labels["class 2a strong verbs"] = {
description = "Verbs where the [[Wiktionary:ablaut|ablaut]] vowel was *eu in Proto-Germanic.",
breadcrumb = "class 2a",
parents = {{name = "class 2 strong verbs", sort = "1"}},
}

labels["class 2b strong verbs"] = {
description = "Verbs where the [[Wiktionary:ablaut|ablaut]] vowel was *ū in Proto-Germanic.",
breadcrumb = "class 2b",
parents = {{name = "class 2 strong verbs", sort = "2"}},
}

labels["class 2 weak verbs"] = {
description = "Weak verbs of the second class.",
breadcrumb = "class 2",
parents = {{name = "weak verbs", sort = "2"}},
}

labels["class 3 weak verbs"] = {
description = "Weak verbs of the third class.",
breadcrumb = "class 3",
parents = {{name = "weak verbs", sort = "3"}},
}

labels["class 3 strong verbs"] = {
description = "Verbs where the [[Wiktionary:ablaut|ablaut]] vowel was followed by a [[Wiktionary:consonant cluster|consonant cluster]] in Proto-Indo-European.",
breadcrumb = "class 3",
parents = {{name = "strong verbs", sort = "3"}},
}

labels["class 3a strong verbs"] = {
description = "Verbs where the [[Wiktionary:consonant cluster|consonant cluster]] begins with a nasal consonant.",
breadcrumb = "class 3a",
parents = {{name = "class 3 strong verbs", sort = "1"}},
}

labels["class 3b strong verbs"] = {
description = "Verbs where the [[Wiktionary:consonant cluster|consonant cluster]] begins with a lateral consonant or velar fricative.",
breadcrumb = "class 3b",
parents = {{name = "class 3 strong verbs", sort = "2"}},
}

labels["class 3c strong verbs"] = {
description = "Verbs where the [[Wiktionary:consonant cluster|consonant cluster]] begins with a rhotic consonant.",
breadcrumb = "class 3c",
parents = {{name = "class 3 strong verbs", sort = "3"}},
}

labels["class 4 strong verbs"] = {
description = "Verbs where the [[Wiktionary:ablaut|ablaut]] vowel was followed by a [[Wiktionary:sonorant|sonorant]] (''m'', ''n'', ''l'', ''r'') but no other consonant in Proto-Indo-European.",
breadcrumb = "class 4",
parents = {{name = "strong verbs", sort = "4"}},
}

labels["class 4 weak verbs"] = {
description = "Weak verbs of the fourth class.",
breadcrumb = "class 4",
parents = {{name = "weak verbs", sort = "4"}},
}

labels["class 5 strong verbs"] = {
description = "Verbs where the [[Wiktionary:ablaut|ablaut]] vowel was followed by [[Wiktionary:consonant|consonant]] other than a [[Wiktionary:sonorant|sonorant]] in Proto-Indo-European.",
breadcrumb = "class 5",
parents = {{name = "strong verbs", sort = "5"}},
}

labels["class 6 strong verbs"] = {
description = "The Proto-Indo-European origin of this class is not securely known. It contains verbs with the stem vowel ''-a-'', except those where it is followed by a sonorant and another consonant (this combination was considered a diphthong in PIE and therefore belonged to class 7).",
breadcrumb = "class 6",
parents = {{name = "strong verbs", sort = "6"}},
}

labels["class 7 strong verbs"] = {
description = "Verbs that retained their reduplication in the past tense in Proto-Germanic.",
breadcrumb = "class 7",
parents = {{name = "strong verbs", sort = "7"}},
}

labels["class 7a strong verbs"] = {
description = "Class 7 strong verbs where the root vowel was ''*ai'' in Proto-Germanic, analogous to class 1.",
breadcrumb = "class 7a",
parents = {{name = "class 7 strong verbs", sort = "a"}},
}

labels["class 7b strong verbs"] = {
description = "Class 7 strong verbs where the root vowel was ''*au'' in Proto-Germanic, analogous to class 2.",
breadcrumb = "class 7b",
parents = {{name = "class 7 strong verbs", sort = "b"}},
}

labels["class 7c strong verbs"] = {
description = "Class 7 strong verbs where the root vowel was ''*a'' followed by a [[Wiktionary:consonant cluster|consonant cluster]] in Proto-Germanic, analogous to class 3.",
breadcrumb = "class 7c",
parents = {{name = "class 7 strong verbs", sort = "c"}},
}

labels["class 7d strong verbs"] = {
description = "Class 7 strong verbs where the root vowel was ''*ē'' in Proto-Germanic.",
breadcrumb = "class 7d",
parents = {{name = "class 7 strong verbs", sort = "d"}},
}

labels["class 7e strong verbs"] = {
description = "Class 7 strong verbs where the root vowel was ''*ō'' in Proto-Germanic.",
breadcrumb = "class 7e",
parents = {{name = "class 7 strong verbs", sort = "e"}},
}

local labels2 = {}

-- Add 'umbrella_parents' key if not already present.
for key, data in pairs(labels) do
labels2[key] = data
if not data.umbrella_parents then
data.umbrella_parents = "Terms by grammatical category subcategories by language"
end
end

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- --
-- RAW CATEGORIES --
-- --
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

raw_categories["Terms by grammatical category subcategories by language"] = {
description = "Umbrella categories covering topics related to grammatical categories, such as gender, animacy and noun and verb classes.",
additional = "{{{umbrella_meta_msg}}}",
parents = {
"Umbrella metacategories",
{name = "terms by grammatical category", is_label = true, sort = " "},
},
}

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- --
-- HANDLERS --
-- --
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

table.insert(handlers, function(data)
local class = data.label:match("^class ([0-9a-z]+) nouns$")
if class then
local classnum, suffix = class:match("^([0-9]+)([a-z]*)$")
return {
description =
"{{{langname}}} nouns that belong to class " .. class .. ".",
breadcrumb = class,
umbrella = false,
parents = {{
name = "nouns by class",
sort = classnum and ("#%02d"):format(classnum) .. suffix or class,
}},
}
end
local class = data.label:match("^class ([0-9a-z]+) verbs$")
if class then
local classnum, suffix = class:match("^([0-9]+)([a-z]*)$")
return {
description =
"{{{langname}}} verbs that belong to class " .. class .. ".",
breadcrumb = class,
umbrella = false,
parents = {{
name = "verbs by class",
sort = classnum and ("#%02d"):format(classnum) .. suffix or class,
}},
}
end
end)

table.insert(handlers, function(data)
local pos, tone = data.label:match("^(.+) with tone ([^ ]+)$")
if pos then
return {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " with tone " .. tone .. ".",
breadcrumb = tone,
-- FIXME, should there be an umbrella category e.g. 'Adjectives with tone H by language'?
umbrella = false,
parents = {{
name = pos .. " by tone",
sort = "" .. tone:len() .. tone,
}},
}
end
end)

table.insert(handlers, function(data)
local vh, pos = data.label:match("^(.+)-harmonic ([^ ]+)$")
if pos then
return {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " with vowel harmony in " .. vh .. ".",
breadcrumb = vh,
umbrella = false,
parents = {{
name = pos .. " by vowel harmony",
sort = "" .. vh:len() .. vh,
}},
}
end
end)

table.insert(handlers, function(data)
local pos, classifier = data.label:match("^(nouns) classified by (.+)$")
if pos then
local linktext
if data.lang then
if data.lang:getCode() == "zh" then
linktext = require("Module:zh/link").link(nil, true, { classifier, tr = "-" }, classifier)
else
linktext = require("Module:links").full_link({ term = classifier, lang = data.lang }, "term")
end
else
linktext = classifier
end
return {
description = "{{{langname}}} " .. pos .. " using " .. linktext .. " as their classifier.",
breadcrumb = classifier,
umbrella = false,
parents = {{
name = pos .. " by classifier",
sort = (data.lang:makeSortKey(classifier)),
}},
}
end
end)

return {LABELS = labels2, RAW_CATEGORIES = raw_categories, HANDLERS = handlers}

Module:Category tree/poscatboiler/data/terms by grammatical category - Revision history

Jsrs701: 1 revision imported

bob>Juelos at 17:27, 6 October 2025